Timeline of the near future what is going to be happen
Artificial intelligence and robotic
Robots capable of manual labour tasks
2015–2020 – Every South Korean household will have a robot and many European, The Ministry of Information and Communication (South Korea), 2007[2]
2018 – Robots will routinely carry out surgery, South Korea government 2007[2]
2022 – Intelligent robots that sense their environment, make decisions, and learn are used in 30% of households and organizations – TechCast[3]
2026 – Development of a robotic hand that can perform certain complex tasks with a level of precision, autonomy and dexterity that is similar to that of a human hand, Professor Mohamed Abderrahim of the EU funded HANDLE Research Project[4]
2030 – Robots capable of performing at human level at most manual jobs Marshall Brain[5]
2034 – Robots (home automation systems) performing most household tasks, Helen Greiner, Chairman of iRobot, 2004[6]
Military robots
2015 – One third of US fighting strength will be composed of robots – US Department of Defense, 2006[7]
2035 – First completely autonomous robot soldiers in operation – US Department of Defense, 2006[7]
Developments related to robotics from the Japan NISTEP[8] 2030 report:
2013–2014 – agricultural robots (AgRobots[9][10])
2013–2017 – Robots that care for the elderly
2017 – medical robots performing low-invasive surgery
2017–2019 – Household robots with full use
2019–2021 – Nanorobots
2021–2022 – Transhumanism
The 21st century
The 21st century began with the United States as the sole superpower in the absence of the Soviet Union, with China becoming a potential superpower.
The debate over what should be done about global warming, fossil fuel pollution and alternative energy raged in the new century after most of the 20th century was marked by industrial expansion. As the Cold War was over and Islamic fundamentalist-related terrorism on the rise, the United States and its allies turned their attention to the Middle East.
Digital technology - in its early stages of mainstream use in the 1980s and 1990s - became widely accepted by most of the world, though concerns about stress and antisociality from the overuse of mobile phones, the Internet and related technologies remained controversial.
By the end of the first decade, over 1.5 billion people worldwide used the Internet, and over 4 billion (more than half the world's population) used cell phones.
A major financial downturn gripped the world from 2007 until well into the following decade - caused by the excesses of capitalism, a sub-prime mortgage crisis in the US, and soaring debt levels. This led to a wrenching restructuring of many social, political and economic systems. For the majority of nations, recovery was driven by a combination of Keynesian policies, better regulation of financial institutions, and long term investments in building, infrastructure, energy and environmental programmes.
A new set of crises would emerge in the 2020s. As oil demand began to exceed supply, full-scale conflict erupted in the Middle East. At the same time, the effects of climate change were beginning to have an impact on worldwide food and water supplies. Growing instability led to a number of resource wars. This, in combination with extreme nationalism, would culminate in the first nuclear weapons attack since 1945. Frantic diplomatic efforts halted any further escalation, but considerable long term damage was done to international relations.
The 2030s and 2040s were marked by a massive shift towards renewable energy sources - helped along by startling breakthroughs in nanotechnology. Widespread adoption of sustainable development practices, along with vastly improved education and availability of information, also greatly aided this transition. This was followed by the birth of fusion power and other technologies. Despite this, conflict was brewing around much of the world. Africa, Asia and many other regions were suffering mightily due to food shortages and a growing influx of refugees affected by resource wars.
Humanity began to escape the confines of its dangerous and overcrowded home planet, with the first scientific base on Mars in the 2050s. Other colonies would be established over the following decades.
Advances in computing power - which had seen exponential growth for over a century - now began to create a "technological singularity", with AI playing a major role in government planning and corporate strategies.
Virtual Reality, in parallel with developments in neuroscience, began to profoundly change the day-to-day lives of mainstream citizens; in the developed world at least.
By the 2060s, the world's population began to level off and plateau. This was partly due to improved education and birth control - but also due to the vast numbers of deaths from starvation, drought and other adverse conditions. Entire nations were being devastated by the effects of climate change. Over half of the world's rainforests had been reduced to wasteland, much farmland worldwide had been rendered useless and freak weather events were becoming commonplace. Arctic sea ice in summer was non-existent. A huge amount of biodiversity had been lost, with the oceans largely devoid of life.
During this time, the USA was finally eclipsed by China as a world power, with India close behind.
The 2070s saw major growth in the use of fusion power. Accelerated space development also marked this time, with mining operations on the Moon, along with breakthroughs in propulsion technology allowing manned exploration of the outer solar system.
With continuing advances in AI, the 2080s saw an explosion in scientific discoveries. The average citizen in the developed world found themselves increasingly reliant on mind-control interfaces and other on-person technologies, which were becoming essential for purposes of practical communication and information retrieval.
By the end of the century, it became clear that humanity no longer carried the power and influence it once had. Much of the day-to-day running of world affairs was now being carried out by ultra-fast, ultra-intelligent machines, robots and digital entities.
The 22nd century
Continued environmental destruction, a booming space industry, advanced transhumanism and enormous advances in robotics all mark the 22nd century.
Practically all the world's energy comes from either fusion or renewable sources now. Global warming shows no signs of abating however, due to positive feedback loops that were triggered in previous decades.
Artificial intelligence - having begun to merge with human intelligence in the previous century - now surpasses it, reaching whole new levels of cognitive and intellectual capability. Though still lacking raw emotions and subtle traits of organic human minds, the sheer depth and power of AI begins to profoundly transform the course of history on Earth. Many high-level decisions by governments and corporations now come directly from these sentient machines. There are vast swathes of virtual employees everywhere, and heavily automated systems in almost every industry. All of this makes for vastly improved speed, efficiency and productivity.
Science and technology in the 22nd century reaches levels of development that would be almost beyond the comprehension of 20th century observers. Quantum teleportation; direct matter-to-energy conversion; femto-scale engineering; spectacular VR environments; radical new materials and substances derived from automated evolution; nano-scale robots for a whole range of applications; biotechnology and genetics able to cure almost every ailment imaginable... in the 22nd century it seems literally anything is possible.
Among the most significant developments in space during this time are numerous permanent, manned settlements on the Moon and Mars; regular manned trips to the gas giants; the first asteroid mining operations; and the first probe data from Alpha Centauri. Space tourism also booms during this period, with trips to the Moon's surface becoming relatively commonplace for citizens.
The 23rd century
AI completely dominates the planet now. Almost every aspect of world affairs is controlled by superintelligent entities formed of billions of inorganic minds working in unison. These "Artilects" work at speeds and scales that would be incomprehensible to observers from the 21st century. Global issues that persisted for years in the past can now be resolved in timescales measured in hours, minutes or even less.
The medium which used to be known as the Internet has evolved into something quite profound: for many people it has replaced physical reality entirely. Reverse engineering of the brain, combined with advanced nanotechnology, allows human minds to be fully detached and immersed within digital environments. These virtual worlds offer a kind of immortality now.
Despite the environmental catastrophe which has ravaged Earth, the awesome resources available online mean that war, conflict, poverty and disease are gradually being consigned to history. The knowledge and education that is free to everyone has fostered a culture of trust and cooperation, while technological breakthroughs are continuing to raise living standards worldwide. Only a few backwater, insular nations remain unaffected - perhaps due to dictatorial governments, religious institutions, geographical isolation or other factors. Even these parochial places will soon be joining the rest of humanity.
Although virtual reality dominates today's culture, physical reality still holds great interest for many. In one of the largest projects ever undertaken, the natural world is restored to its pre-industrial state, with vast areas of forest and grassland replanted, many extinct species brought back to life, countless fish reintroduced to the oceans, and purification of the Earth's atmosphere and water. Strict limits on the gathering of resources are enforced, with the aim of never again returning to the nightmare of the 21st century.
The space industry goes through another transformation. Venus and Mars both have terraforming programmes underway; the latter is now home to many large cities. The Moon, too, has millions of permanent inhabitants. Asteroid mining is a booming industry, with numerous operations underway. There are dozens of scientific stations on the moons of the gas giants. The Kuiper Belt is fully probed and catalogued, as is the Oort Cloud. Beyond the Oort Cloud, a huge network of telescopes is constructed. Throughout this period, numerous Earth-like planets are observed throughout the galaxy, though even the nearest of these worlds is dozens of light years away, and evidence of life proves elusive. However, anti-matter propulsion is allowing the first manned exploration of neighbouring stars, with the Alpha Centauri system and others gaining their first permanent space stations.
Meanwhile, the secrets of the Universe itself - and the origin of matter - are close to being finally solved by the
world's top scientists and AI programs...
2300
Superhuman powers are available to common citizenry
The biotechnology of today - combined with telekinetic devices - is conferring powers to the average citizen that would be considered superhuman by 21st century standards.
A suitably upgraded person, if transported back to the year 2000, would be virtually impervious to weaponry and nearly impossible to contain. They could transform their body into a seemingly infinite variety of forms depending on the situation encountered.*
If trapped in a maximum security prison, for instance, they could alter their molecular structure to allow them to walk through walls.* They could broadcast electromagnetic pulse waves to disable electronic devices or cripple vehicles and other objects. They could halt incoming bullets merely by raising their hand. They could run at cheetah speed and cross a variety of dangerous terrain: even molten lava would present no obstacle to them. If necessary, they could levitate from ground level to the roof of a skyscraper in seconds. They could turn themselves invisible, or morph into another person entirely, or stretch their limbs like elastic.
In many ways, they would resemble a comic book superhero or video game character.
They could manipulate their environment in various ways too – generating enough body heat to light a fire, for example, or turning inanimate objects into advanced tools, or modifying the properties of liquids. They could heal a wounded person just by touching them. They could read thoughts and emotions, or extract recent memories.
If standing near others of their kind, they could link and combine their powers to even greater levels – changing the local weather for example to control bolts of lightning, or lifting objects weighing thousands of tons.
Their sensory capabilities would be phenomenal. This 24th century person could view individual atoms with the naked eye; or if they wanted to, use their telescopic vision to see distant astronomical objects in detail. They could hear a whisper from miles away, or filter specific voices from a cacophony of background noise. They could determine a precise chemical composition just by tasting, touching or smelling it.
Due to their various biotechnology aids and physical upgrades, they would never require sleep. They could even survive without food and water - living instead off the energy of their surrounding environment, which would be absorbed into their exoskeleton suit. This same body armour would keep them at peak levels of physical performance, as well as shielding them from the elements.
In fact, many citizens of today have abandoned their homes altogether and taken to a nomadic lifestyle, for this and other reasons. Often, a "home" of today is little more than a small booth or alcove in the street, where a person can temporarily recharge and recuperate, or utilise the greater powers of the net. Even a person's body is often temporary, as they shift between various real world and digital environments. Much of the Earth is now being transformed into a gigantic computer grid where individuals can physically "plug" themselves in.
The 24th Century and beyond
2500 AD
Mars has been terraformed
By the end of the 25th century, the Red Planet has been turned from a cold, dead world into a lush, Eden-like paradise. This monumental achievement has been the result of government, business and public collaboration on a planet-wide scale. It has created whole new industries, countless millions of jobs and undreamed of technologies.
Costing many trillions of dollars, the project was initiated in the early 22nd century. From the outset, it faced major hurdles. Aside from the sheer scale of geo-engineering an entire world, there were political, social and cultural issues too. Many of the early settlers on Mars actually wished for it to remain in its raw, primeval state. Some of them had an almost spiritual connection to the planet. Like certain environments on Earth, they believed it held an intrinsic worth and unique value that should never be replaced. To better it with manmade artificial processes would somehow make it less natural, less real.
These "Reds", as they came to be known, were a potent force during the establishment of the early Martian government.* They were a thorn in the side of planning authorities, who faced many protests and demonstrations, along with direct sabotaging of industrial activities from some of the more extreme individuals.
On the opposing side of this debate were the "Greens", mostly consisting of corporate interests.* They included a greater proportion of cyborgs and heavily upgraded humans - these became adapted to the environment of Mars at an earlier stage and were able to survive in lower air pressures.
Over time, the power and influence of the Greens began to dominate. Improved security measures were introduced, guarding much of the infrastructure and terraforming equipment from attack.
Giant solar mirrors were placed in orbit. Measuring several kilometres across, these reflected and focussed the Sun's rays onto the poles.
Other projects included the seeding of bioengineered "extremophile" bacteria. These began converting CO2 into oxygen. Vast swarms of nanobots were later introduced, accelerating this process and offering a greater degree of control, since they were fully programmable. They also helped to produce nitrogen, as well as regulating the overall composition of the atmosphere.
A series of enormous "heat factories" were constructed too. These belched out huge amounts of CO2 - which of course was converted by the bacteria and nanobots - but also had the effect of raising air pressure.
To increase the volume of water on Mars, various comets and ice-rich asteroids were manoeuvred into orbit. These were made to slowly burn up as they descended, without impacting on the ground and causing damage.
This still left the problem of Mars' lack of a magnetosphere, which exposed the surface to harsh ultraviolet radiation. Giant superconducting rings were placed around the latitude lines - focussed mainly on the equator - and buried deep below ground. These were thousands of miles in length and took many decades to construct, but were sufficient to create an artificial magnetic field.
By the early 2200s, frozen lakes and ponds were beginning to form in some regions. This was followed decades later by successful growing of the first lichen and mosses. Entire seas and oceans began to appear in the 2300s, along with the first trees and other flora - plus certain insects too.
A series of chain reactions and positive feedback loops began to accelerate the process, fueled by even greater technological advancements. By the 2400s, a whole series of animals including birds, fish and mammals were being introduced. Eventually, it was declared safe for unaided humans to walk on the surface of Mars. Humanity had created a second Earth.
2600 AD
Plastics and other waste products are disappearing from Earth's biosphere
Most of the plastics, tin cans and other waste products from the 20th-21st centuries have decomposed by now. They caused significant harm to the environment during their time on Earth - injuring countless birds, fish and other animals.* Subsequent generations of these materials were produced in ways that minimised their impact.*
2750 AD
Venus has been terraformed
By now, Venus has been transformed into a habitable, Earthlike world. Unlike Mars, its entire orbit was shifted, bringing it closer to the "Goldilocks Zone" enjoyed by Earth, while its day-night cycle was accelerated from 117 days to 24 hours. This form of geo-engineering - effectively changing the movement of an entire planet - only recently became possible.
Comets were also redirected from the Oort Cloud. These were guided through the solar system and into the upper atmosphere of Venus, releasing vast quantities of water.
Other techniques involved the capturing and removal of CO2 (achieved by "beaming" it away into space), as well as seeding the ground with nanobots, which absorbed and converted toxic gases into breathable oxygen.
With lush tropical oceans, Venus now has two large, dominant landmasses - Aphrodite and Ishtar - along with a number of smaller subcontinents and islands. The average surface temperature has stabilised at around 30°C.
3000 AD
Purely biological humans are typically 7ft tall now, with lifespans of 120+*
For centuries now, the technological singularity has produced enormous wealth and prosperity throughout the solar system. Across-the-board improvements in healthcare, education and living standards have led to humans evolving into a race of giants - 7ft tall, muscular and highly athletic, with lifespans of 120+.
Note that this lifespan refers to purely "natural", unaltered biological humans, who comprise a small minority by now. The vast majority of citizens have opted for genetic engineering and biotechnology treatments which extend their lives indefinitely.
3100 AD
Humanity is becoming a Type 2 civilisation on the Kardashev scale
The exponential growth of AI is allowing the manipulation of matter on scales barely dreamed of before. The largest structure now being built in space is a "Dyson Sphere".* This hollow shell is of such gargantuan proportions that its radius stretches from the Sun to beyond the orbit of Jupiter.
Under the direction of a Godlike superintelligence, vast swarms of automated, self-replicating ships are building it - using material from the asteroid field, Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud.
The sphere's primary purpose it to harvest literally all of the energy output from the Sun: some 386 yottajoules (YJ) per second.* However, it also serves the function of shielding our inner solar system from gamma rays and other incoming hazards. Even the potential possibility of alien invasion has been taken into consideration during the sphere's design.
The interior walls have a gravitational field of 1G and are made from wholly new states of matter that were unknown to science in previous centuries. These can withstand the colossal tensile forces required to maintain structural integrity. This curved, impossibly large surface - equivalent to billions of Earths - is becoming a habitat for many sentient lifeforms, with portions being terraformed and given a stable atmosphere, oceans and landmass. A sizeable percentage of citizens are now migrating to these strange artificial worlds. This includes a diverse mix of biological humans, as well as transhumans, synthetics, clones, androids, sentient animals and other communities.
A series of additional Dyson Spheres are being constructed around neighbouring star systems - some even larger.
Having begun its journey to the stars in the 22nd century, humanity is reaching a landmark in its colonisation of space. A region nearly 1,000 light years in radius has now been explored (or about 2 percent of the total length of our galaxy). The light speed barrier has yet to be exceeded, however.
kardashev scale type 2 civilisation civilization solar system future 3000ad 4th millenium dyson sphere shell swarm
3500 AD
Polar reversal of the Earth
Polar reversals have occurred many times before in Earth's history - typically every 300,000 years. The last time was around 780,000 BC. This means the planet is long overdue for such an event.
From 1900 onwards, the intensity of Earth's magnetic field was known to be declining by six percent each century. By 3500, the poles are beginning to completely reverse.*
Charged particles from the Sun affect satellites and other near-Earth vessels which lack adequate protection. However, plants and animals on Earth are unaffected. During the reversal, the solar wind induces a sufficient magnetic field in the ionosphere, temporarily shielding the surface in the absence of the normal magnetic field.*
Construction of the Solar Ring has been completed
The first particle accelerators built by man were small, terrestrial-based devices. In the 20th and 21st centuries, they were only a few dozen kilometres in circumference, resulting in energies of a few tera-electronvolts (TeV).
By the middle of the 4th millenium, however, an accelerator covering the entire perimeter of our solar system has been constructed.
This becomes the largest scientific experiment in history - powerful enough to accelerate particles to a state known as the Grand Unification Energy. This allows the very earliest conditions of the observable Universe to be simulated. The electromagnetic, weak and strong nuclear forces (three of the four fundamental forces in the Universe) can be observed for the first time at precisely the same strength: becoming effectively different aspects of a single force. Quarks and electrons, too, can be seen as essentially the same, achieving another unification.*
4000 AD
Computer science is reaching its ultimate potential
Humanity is nearing the perfection of computer science.* Physical hardware and software is becoming the absolute fastest, most efficient it can ever possibly be within the known laws of physics. Applications can now be generated instantly and automatically for almost any purpose (provided sufficient energy is available).
From this point onwards, computer science becomes obsolete as a field of study - the only "unknowns" left for scientists to discover will be in other areas of science.*
9500 - 15000 AD
The hypernova of Eta Carinae is affecting our region of the galaxy
Eta Carinae is among the largest, most volatile stars in our galaxy. Its temperature is so high that it is unable to hold onto its own gas, with constant streams being ejected from the surface. It first came to attention in 1843 when it flared to magnitude -0.8, becoming the second brightest star in the night sky.
It subsequently died down, before brightening again in the late 1990s. This fluctuation continues - with periodic flaring and dimming - until one day the inevitable happens. Unable to maintain its cohesion, Eta Carinae erupts into one of the deadliest known forces in nature: a hypernova.
For a brief period, this colossal explosion outshines the entire galaxy. It is bright enough to be visible during daytime on Earth, while at night, it is similar to the full moon.*
Of much greater concern, however, are the lethal jets of gamma radiation released by the dying star. These begin to shoot outward, at such high energies that even systems thousands of light years away are affected. As a result, numerous planets in our region of the galaxy undergo mass extinctions during this time.*
296,000 AD
Voyager 2 is approaching Sirius
If the probe still survives today, it will have travelled over 25 trillion miles from Earth.*
Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky when viewed from Earth.
voyager probe sirius nearest star reach future interstellar
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